Vasoconstrictor drops are widely used in ENT pathology due to the development of a pronounced and rapid therapeutic effect. However, the use of these funds can have a negative effect on the work of the cardiovascular system, increase blood pressure.
In addition, long-term use of such drops leads to the development of addiction, when the effectiveness of their use ceases to be noted. Increasing the dosage and frequency of administration also does not improve this situation.
Another negative property of these drugs is the development of mucosal atrophy and the appearance of symptoms such as a feeling of dryness, nasal congestion, crusting, and the possibility of nosebleeds.
Treatment principles
Recovery of the nasal mucosa after vasoconstrictor drops includes the following areas:
- the use of funds that have a healing effect;
- the use of corticosteroid drugs;
- carrying out physiotherapy procedures;
- the use of traditional medicine;
- symptomatic treatment aimed at moisturizing the mucous membrane, reducing itching;
- the use of immunostimulating agents;
- Spa treatment.
Topical medications
Among the drugs with a healing effect, the most common are the following topical agents:
- lanolin ointment;
- naphthalan ointment;
- Solcoseryl, in the form of a gel or ointment;
- petrolatum.
In the form of cotton swabs, moistened with these means, they are laid alternately for 15-20 minutes in each half of the nose. Oils such as sea buckthorn, peach, rosehip oil, thuja, available in the pharmacy network, soften the mucous membrane and prevent the formation of crusts. An even more readily available remedy is olive oil.
Since one of the most pronounced symptoms that characterize mucosal atrophy is a burning sensation and dryness in the nose, it is necessary to constantly moisturize the mucous membranes.
To do this, use aerosols, nasal drops, consisting of saline solutions. Pharmacy products "Aqua Maris Spray", "Aqualor Soft" have the same effect. Moisturizing the mucous membranes must be carried out repeatedly throughout the day.
It is recommended to rinse the nose with saline with the addition of iodine (2-3 drops of an alcoholic solution of iodine per glass of saline).
Irritation of the nasal mucosa is effective in improving the function of the glandular tissue. Most often, Lugol's solution is used for this, lubricating the mucous membrane with it, Yox aerosol. The complex preparation Ioditserin, which contains an irritating and emollient component, is also effective. At the same time, the greasy texture of glycerin prevents the formation of crusts.
Local use of iodine-containing preparations should be limited in time, since long-term use of such agents also contributes to the development of mucosal atrophy.
Treatment of the nasal mucosa after the use of vasoconstrictors includes the use of nasal drops. The priority is the drug Pinosol. This is due to its oil structure, as well as natural ingredients, eucalyptus and pine oil, peppermint. These drops for the restoration of the nasal mucosa are effective, safe and convenient to use. A contraindication can only be intolerance to one of its components.
In world practice, corticosteroids have become increasingly widespread, both for the treatment of rhinitis and as agents that contribute to the restoration of the mucous membrane.
The drugs Nasonex, Avamis, Fliksonase, when applied topically, help to restore the structure of the mucous membrane.
The disadvantages of these funds include a decrease in local immunity. In this regard, the use of these drugs should be carried out under the direct supervision of an otolaryngologist, in accordance with the recommended dosages and duration of use. In the treatment of damaged nasal mucosa, the complex drug Vibrolor has proven itself well, which contains Dexpanthenol, which has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and regenerating effect, as well as a saline solution.
Traditional medicine
Among the traditional medicines used to restore the nasal mucosa, ointment from walnut leaves is used. Fresh leaves must be washed, dried and finely pounded. Then one tablespoon of the resulting mushy substance must be mixed with 50 grams of petroleum jelly. The resulting product must be lubricated by the mucous membrane of each half of the nose at night.
Honey also has healing properties. Having dipped an ear stick in it, it is recommended to lubricate the inner surface of each nostril several times during the day.
Propolis oil solution has a similar property. Carrying out such a procedure using beekeeping products, it must be remembered that these funds can be powerful allergens. When a burning sensation, itching, mucous discharge, redness appears, it is necessary to rinse the nose with plenty of warm water and dry it.
Systemic drugs
It is possible to restore the mucous membrane after drops with the use of systemic drugs. These include
- biostimulants (aloe, vitreous, etc.);
- vitamins of group A, B, E;
- iron preparations (Ferritin, Ferum Lek);
- agents that improve microcirculation and strengthen the vascular wall (xanthinol nicotinate, askorutin).
Derinat is the most widespread among immunostimulating drugs used for severe clinical symptoms. It is also possible to use homeopathic remedies with the ability to restore the mucous membrane. These include Delufren, Edas 131.
Physiotherapy procedures
In order for the recovery of the nasal mucosa to proceed faster, warming procedures are shown on the area of the nasal dorsum and paranasal sinuses.
For their conduct at home, an UFO lamp, dry heat using heated salt or sand can be used. In a polyclinic, the use of electrophoresis with anti-inflammatory drugs, inhalation with alkaline-oil solutions is shown. Among the modern hardware techniques, an effective means of helping to restore the mucous membrane is the use of a helium-neon laser. The course of treatment includes 7-10 procedures carried out endonasally for 5-10 minutes.
Treatment of this pathology requires an integrated approach.
In addition to the use of medicines, an important condition is the observance of the regime of work and rest, full-value fortified food. Successful treatment requires a healthy lifestyle that is non-smoking and alcohol-free. An indispensable condition is the presence of clean air for breathing and the absence of pathological impurities in it. In this regard, spa treatment is especially important, especially if it is based on receiving balneological procedures.
Inhalation of clean air from a coniferous forest accelerates the recovery period.
