The introduction of pharmacological drugs for inflammation of the throat and tonsils is usually carried out by the oral route. This method of drug delivery - into the bloodstream through the mouth, esophagus and absorption in the stomach - is in most cases sufficient to cure sore throats. Nevertheless, in some situations in adults, it is necessary to resort to the parenteral (injection) method of administering drugs. This is due, first of all, to the serious condition of the patient, as well as the already developed serious complications of angina.
Only a doctor can determine when to start using injections from a sore throat. And only he can prescribe the drug and choose the dosage.
What is injected for angina by injection?
The main cause of inflammation of the tonsils is an infection by pathogenic bacteria. Accordingly, in severe cases of pathology, the most effective blow should be inflicted on infectious agents. This can be done by injecting antibiotics.
In difficult situations, the patient is given injections of antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action immediately after the diagnosis is made. This means that they are able to inhibit the vital activity of a large number of bacterial species. These antibiotics include semisynthetic penicilins, cephalosporins, macrolides and some other groups.
In addition, in addition to the immediate initiation of the administration of such drugs, the patient should perform a study on the sensitivity of microflora to antibiotics. For this, a biological material is taken from the patient, which contains the microorganisms that caused the disease. In the case of sore throat, this is a throat swab. This material is sent to the laboratory, where bacterial cultures isolated from it are grown in Petri dishes. And for each of them, an antibiotic is determined that is able to most effectively suppress the development of this particular strain of microorganisms. Based on the results of such a study, the drug administered to the patient by injection can be replaced with a more effective one or its dose can be adjusted.
Benefits of injection
In adults, injections with angina have, perhaps, only one significant advantage before oral administration - it is high bioavailability. This term means that when injected, the drug very quickly reaches a therapeutic concentration in the patient's body and begins to act.
This is due to the fact that the absorption of medicinal substances in the stomach and intestines is a rather slow process. Moreover, far from the entire volume of the drug taken orally enters the bloodstream. Some of it, with minimal changes, passes along the entire length of the intestine and is excreted during bowel movements. When the drug is injected by injection, it enters the bloodstream and immediately begins to accumulate in the area of exposure.
This feature is important if 
the patient's condition is extremely serious, associated with:
- body temperature, which is approaching 400WITH;
- chills;
- confusion or even impaired consciousness;
- extremely severe sore throat;
- the appearance of serious purulent complications in other organs.
In such situations, the time factor plays a huge role. It is necessary to begin the destruction of the infection as soon as possible, since its further development can lead to the onset of septic infection, and this is already a direct threat to the patient's life. Consequently, there is no time for antibiotics to be absorbed in the intestine, and their concentration in the blood reaches therapeutically effective values.
Cases when adult patients with angina have difficulty swallowing are not an indicator for switching to injections. The tablets can be split into several pieces, or crushed and taken orally without difficulty.
Disadvantages of injection
- Any injection implies a mandatory violation of the integrity of the skin. Yes, in itself such an injury is very minor, but, nevertheless, it creates a gap in the skin-epithelial protective barrier. Through it, infectious agents can easily penetrate into the underlying tissues.
- Moreover, non-observance of the rules of asepsis and antiseptics when performing injections leads to the fact that an infection can be introduced into the body on the needle itself, which will cause the development of an abscess at the injection site.
- Injections, although their technique (especially those carried out intramuscularly) is not particularly difficult, is recommended only for professionals. This means that the patient will have to waste time visiting the nurse. But oral administration of drugs does not require any special skills.
- Finally, injecting drugs with a syringe is painful, and in addition, some patients, even in adulthood, experience an irrational fear of injections. Each such procedure becomes an extra psycho-emotional stress for them.
Injection methods
Among the main ways to perform injections, there are 3 large groups:
- subcutaneous;
- intramuscular;
- intravenous.
The subcutaneous and intradermal route of administration of drugs for angina is rarely used. This method will be relevant primarily when the patient has serious diseases of the cardiovascular system. In such situations, at a high body temperature caused by angina, the risk of blood clots and other pathologies associated with impaired blood coagulation increases. This situation threatens the patient's life, since the appearance of a blood clot is a direct path to an acute cardiovascular catastrophe in the form of a stroke or heart attack. To prevent such complications, this group of patients is recommended to do heparin injections, which are carried out mainly by the subcutaneous route.
Intramuscular injection of drugs is the main way of performing injections for angina. In this case, a kind of depot is formed in the thickness of the muscle tissue, from where the drug is gradually (but quickly enough) and evenly washed out into the vascular bed. Intramuscularly with this disease, it is recommended to do almost any injection:
- antibiotics;
- vitamin complexes;
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
- hormonal agents for acute complications, etc.
The intravenous route of administration of medicinal substances for angina is practically not used.
This method provides the greatest bioavailability of drugs and the maximum speed of their action. But at the same time, it also has the highest technical complexity, and is also associated with a number of difficulties and risks, since in this case the needle penetrates directly into the vascular bed.
Intravenous injections are used for angina only in the most extreme cases, when the patient has already developed severe complications in the form of damage to other organs or generalized infection - sepsis. Such a situation threatens the patient's life, therefore, measures to correct it should be taken immediately and ensure the prompt delivery of pharmacological drugs to the place of their action.
