Each disease manifests itself with different symptoms. Some of them immediately attract the patient's attention, others can go unnoticed or ignored for a long time. Hissing in the ear is not always intense and is often noted periodically, but the need to understand what triggered it remains relevant in all cases. Why does it hiss in the ear? Noise can appear in case of circulatory disorders associated with pathology of the cervical spine, occur as a consequence of trauma or manifestation of dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. In some patients, it is found during stressful situations - however, it is worth separating the noise associated with psychoemotional stress from the noise caused by pathologies of various body systems.
Causes
A hiss in the ear can be reported by a patient of any age. This symptom is noticed by adolescents, adult men and women, and the elderly. Of course, we cannot talk about the only reason - there are a large number of diseases and conditions that are accompanied by hissing ear noise. It is necessary to find out what caused the hissing in the ear in each case individually, relying on the totality of objective symptoms and the presence of a subjective "noise background".
When does the hissing noise appear? This sign may be present in the clinical picture of such pathologies as:
- atherosclerosis;
- autonomic dysfunction syndrome;
- labyrinth angiovertebrogenic syndrome.
Noise with a hissing tone occurs most often with vascular pathologies.
The appearance of a hissing noise is noted in the presence of neoplasms of the brain, which squeeze large vessels, various types of intracranial aneurysms, arteriosinus fistulas. Hissing in the ears is sometimes found due to a pathology in the carotid artery system. The named type of ear noise appears as one of the "harbingers" of acute cerebrovascular accident (transient ischemic attack, stroke).
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is one of the most likely causes of complaints of hissing in the ears. In this case, the symptom will not necessarily be the leading one, since it is not constantly present, it appears only with an increase in blood pressure.
The noise is due to the presence of an atherosclerotic obstruction to blood flow.
Disruption of blood flow in the internal carotid artery, branches of the labyrinth artery, can cause hissing in the ears. In the absence of treatment, patients develop hearing loss (decreased hearing acuity), episodes of the appearance of "noise background" become more frequent, and with a significant increase in blood pressure, vascular destructive labyrinth syndrome may develop. In this case, the noise is amplified many times over.
Vegetative dysfunction
Autonomic dysfunction syndrome cannot be regarded as an independent disease. it
a pathological condition, the development of which is based on a violation of the autonomic regulation of the functions of internal organs, blood vessels, metabolic processes. Autonomic dysfunction syndrome is very common, and tinnitus of a hissing character can be both an isolated symptom and a symptom accompanying changes in blood pressure.
Among the reasons for the violation of autonomic regulation are:
- Psycho-emotional stress.
- Physical stress.
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, etc.
All of the conditions listed in the list can cause noise, but not in all cases it will have a hissing tone. Patients with complaints typical of autonomic dysfunction syndrome should be examined for somatic pathologies (diseases of internal organs and systems that can explain the appearance of noise).
Labyrinth angiovertebrogenic syndrome
The reasons for the development of labyrinth angiovertebrogenic syndrome, in which it hisses in the ears, are:
- spondyloarthrosis of the cervical spine;
- osteochondrosis of the cervical spine;
- atherosclerotic narrowing of the vertebral arteries;
- compression of the vertebral arteries;
- pathological tortuosity of the vertebral arteries.
Cervical spine abnormalities are a common cause of murmur, usually one-sided. It occurs after prolonged preservation of an uncomfortable posture, as well as in the morning hours after sleep, and is considered as a component of the cochleo-vestibular syndrome, which is included in the vertebral artery syndrome. This pathology develops with mechanical compression of the named vessel or reflex angiospasm. Patients suffering from osteochondrosis of the cervical spine describe a number of symptoms, and "background noise" is one of the most striking signs of the disease.
The cause of the noise in this case is a violation of blood flow in the vessels of the vertebrobasilar system.
Changes in the structural and hemodynamic nature in the vertebral artery, in particular, its occlusion (obstruction) and a decrease in blood flow in it, can cause insufficient blood circulation in the vessels of the vertebrobasilar system. The significance of the problem of ear noise in this case is very high, since occlusion of the vertebral artery and vertebrobasilar insufficiency are risk factors for the development of stroke.
Treatment
The most pressing question for any patient who has a hissing in the ear is what to do and which doctor to go to? The choice of the method of treatment depends on what kind of diagnosis will be established during the examination. In order to decide how to act - to be treated on an outpatient basis or in a hospital - you need to consult a therapist. After collecting anamnesis, assessing the patient's complaints and objective condition, the doctor determines the need for consultation with narrow specialists - an endocrinologist, neuropathologist, angiosurgeon, neurosurgeon, psychotherapist, etc.
Patients with atherosclerosis need a diet, the appointment of dosed physical activity, taking into account the general condition and concomitant pathologies. Drug therapy is indicated (Simvastatin, Acetylsalicylic acid, Vinpocetine). It is necessary to check the assumption of hearing loss. The development of hearing loss requires additional drug therapy, the use of physiotherapy methods.
Patients with confirmed autonomic dysfunction syndrome need the following measures:
- selection of a balanced diet;
- prevention of hypodynamia with the help of physical education;
- the appointment of vitamin and mineral complexes;
- the appointment of herbal medicine.
It is impossible to deal exclusively with hissing noise in this case, since this is only a manifestation of the patient's functional disorders. Normalization of the state is achieved with their effective correction.
The hissing noise is eliminated after the normalization of blood flow.
With vertebrobasilar insufficiency, it will also not be possible to achieve a positive result, affecting only one symptom - noise. Complex therapy is needed, including the use of drugs that improve cerebral circulation, statins and antiplatelet agents, methods of physiotherapy, manual therapy, and therapeutic gymnastics. Some patients are indicated for surgical intervention (angioplasty, etc.).
