A sore throat is not a separate disease, but only a symptom, a manifestation of some other pathology. And before doing inhalation, it is necessary to establish with precision what exactly caused the appearance of painful sensations. An inflammatory process in the throat, accompanied by pain, difficulty swallowing and breathing, is most often triggered by an infection. In this case, antibiotics and antiseptics are the main means of therapy.
In addition, pain in the throat occurs when the organs and tissues located in this area are overstrained. This disorder occurs in people whose profession involves prolonged and intense use of the voice. These are singers, teachers, announcers, orators, etc. Treatment of such pathologies requires vocal rest and inhalation of soothing mucous membranes, moisturizing drugs.
Sore throat also develops with trauma. These damages can be of a different nature:
- mechanical, if swallowed or inhaled solid particles;
- physical, for example, when exposed to high temperatures in the case of ingestion of too hot liquids;
- chemical, when exposed to the mucous membrane of aggressive acids or alkalis.
The choice of drugs for inhalation in this case is purely individual. When contacting a hospital, an ENT doctor will conduct an examination and prescribe a treatment that is most suitable for a particular patient.
Sometimes sore throats are caused by systemic lesions of the body that are autoimmune in nature or associated with reactions of individual intolerance to certain substances. In this case, inhalation with glucocorticosteroids and antihistamines is useful.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
The use of this class of medicinal compounds is one of the main methods of inhalation treatment of sore throat. Regardless of what disease caused the pain syndrome, in almost 100% of cases, an inflammatory process occurs on the mucous membrane. And these pharmacological agents are precisely designed to relieve inflammation, which significantly reduces the intensity of pain, facilitates swallowing and breathing, improving the general condition of the patient. For inhalation are used:
- Propolis is a waste product of bees that has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Throat inhalation at home with
this substance is made by dissolving it in warm water. - Medicinal herbal preparations. Phytoseeds, depending on the composition, not only suppress inflammation, but can also have other therapeutic effects. The composition is selected individually, and pre-prepared mixtures are used in clinics.
- Acelysin, which is based on acetylsalicylic acid, is one of the most well-known anti-inflammatory drugs. Inhalations with this drug are carried out using nebulizers.
- Malavit is a medicinal substance made from herbal ingredients. Malavit belongs to homeopathic remedies, but inhalations with it help relieve inflammation in the throat.
this substance is made by dissolving it in warm water.Inhalation in polyclinics is performed using stationary installations and mixtures made in a pharmacy. Therefore, the therapeutic effectiveness of such procedures is usually higher than the result of procedures carried out on their own.
Preparations to relieve irritation
Softening and moisturizing the lining of the throat is another way to relieve soreness. Such treatment is called symptomatic - these effects do not remove the very cause of the pain, but reduce its intensity. Such inhalations include the introduction of:
- saline solution;
- non-carbonated mineral water with a slightly alkaline reaction;
- a mixture of soda, common or sea salt and an alcohol solution of iodine diluted in warm water;
- vegetable oils.
Medicinal herbs
Phytopreparations obtained by the method of infusion or boiling of medicinal plants are very widely used to treat pathologies of the upper respiratory tract. Such medicines are used both for inhalation for the throat at home and in clinics. This is explained by the fact that solutions of medicinal herbs, and especially their mixtures, have a complex effect that works to reduce the severity of pain:
- suppression of the inflammatory process;
- the fight against infectious agents;
- stimulation of local immunity;
- moisturizing, cleaning and softening the mucous membrane;
- strengthening of regenerative processes in tissues.
Home inhalation solutions are purchased from pharmacies or prepared independently. The amount of phytopreparation in the general case is equal to 1 large spoon, filled with a glass of water. When making the infusion, the water must be boiling - the herbal mixture is poured into it, then the container is closed and naturally cooled to room temperature. To obtain a decoction, water with a phytopreparation is placed in a water bath. There the mixture should boil for about a quarter of an hour, after which it must be cooled.
Before using the resulting liquid for inhalation, you need to extract all solid fractions from there. At home, filtration through gauze is suitable for this, and in clinics, solid particles are removed by an automated method of filtering through a fine sieve.
For inhalations for sore throat, monopreparations and mixtures of medicinal plants such as:
- silver cinquefoil;
- pharmacy chamomile;
- raspberry leaf;
- eucalyptus;
- field horsetail;
- meadow sage;
- Linden blossom;
- yarrow;
- Oak bark;
- coltsfoot;
- large plantain;
- St. John's wort.
Often, both in clinics and at home, inhalations with phytopreparations produced centrally are used. For example, for a sore throat, the administration of Romazulan (chamomile extract) or Rotokan (a mixture of medicinal substances obtained from calendula, yarrow and chamomile) is indicated.
Antibiotics and antiseptics
Inflammation, leading to pain when swallowing or breathing, is overwhelmingly caused by an infection. If the infection is bacterial, then antibiotics are the main class of drugs that should be used for treatment. If a sore throat occurs with influenza or ARVI (viral invasions), antibiotics are used to prevent secondary bacterial infection.
Important! Only a certified doctor has the right to choose an antibiotic, prescribe an inhalation injection of such a drug and determine its dosage! Self-administration of these medicines can worsen the situation.
Antibiotic treatment usually begins with the use of broad-spectrum drugs. Inhalation drugs of this type include miramistin, gentamicin and fluimucil-antibiotic IT.If such inhalations with a red throat with inflammation caused by an infection do not give a pronounced effect, then sputum is cultured for sensitivity to antibiotics. In the course of this study, the drug is determined that is most effective in this particular case.
A group of drugs called antiseptics is also designed to fight infection, but due to the nonspecific action and other method of production, it does not belong to the class of antibiotics. Throat disinfection by inhalation is carried out using:
- eucalyptus leaf extract - chlorophyllipt;
- furacilin;
- tincture of calendula;
- dioxidine;
- some complex phytopreparations (for example, Tonsilgon N).
Antihistamines
This class of medicinal compounds is used when sore throats are caused by allergic reactions. Individual intolerance, characteristic of a particular person, is often manifested by swelling of the mucous membranes of the throat, which leads to painful swallowing and breathing. Antihistamines, such as Cromohexal, Ditek, Intal, etc., administered by inhalation, can quickly relieve this edema and alleviate the patient's condition.
With a pronounced, rapidly developing allergic reaction to the throat mucosa, Quincke's edema may occur. This is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.
Inhaled administration of antihistamines is a symptomatic treatment. This technique does not eliminate reactions of individual intolerance, but only temporarily suppresses their manifestations in the form of edema. In order to cure allergies, it is imperative to protect the patient from contact with the substances that caused it.
Glucocorticosteroids (GCS)
These compounds are used to suppress inflammation in severe systemic conditions. Can steroid anti-inflammatories be used for sore throat caused by a cold? It is possible, but not recommended, since their action in this case is excessively intense. In such situations, GCS are used only for severe infectious lesions in children or debilitated patients.
Inhalation glucocorticoids are used either in polyclinics with special equipment or in personal nebulizers. This ensures accurate consumption of the drug, which prevents overdose. Most often, a medicine called Pulmicort is used for inhalation, the active ingredient of which is the glucocorticosteroid budesonide.
