Signs and Treatment of Major Heart Diseases

Mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the world is in first place and accounts for 31% of the total morbidity. Some heart diseases lead to disability, which sharply worsens the quality of life of people, and is also economically disadvantageous for the state. Therefore, you need to think about looking for effective methods to prevent pathology.

List of heart diseases

This table shows the changes and a list of violations that relate to them.

Changes	Diseases
Inflammatory	myocarditis; endocarditis, including infectious; pericarditis (inflammation of the lining of the heart with possible accumulation of fluid in the cavity of the heart bag).
Ischemic	angina pectoris; cardiosclerosis; painless form of ischemia; myocardial infarction.
Heart rhythm disorders	Arrhythmias: sinus tachycardia and arrhythmias; extrasystole (supraventicular, ventricular); supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia; Fibrillation (atrial fibrillation) and atrial flutter. Fibrillation and flutter of the ventricles. Heart block: dysfunction of the sinus-atrial node; atrioventricular block; intraventricular blockade.
Cardiomyopathies	dilated; hypertrophic; restrictive; cardiomyopathy with thyrotoxicosis; alcoholic;
Disorders of the anatomical structure of the heart	Congenital heart defects: atrial and ventricular septal defect; patent ductus arteriosus; coarctation of the aorta; stenosis of the mouth of the pulmonary artery; Fallot's triad; Fallot's tetrad. Acquired heart defects: mitral valve stenosis (MK); insufficiency of MC; rheumatic mitral regurgitation; prolapse of MK; calcification of the mitral ring; combined mitral valve disease; aortic stenosis; insufficiency of the aortic valve; combined aortic defect; insufficiency of the tricuspid valve. Heart cancer.
Heart failure	chronic; sharp.
Arterial hypertension (high blood pressure)	essential; secondary hypertension.
Diseases of the aorta	stratification; coarctation; aneurysm.

Causes of development of heart disease and symptoms associated with their occurrence

Symptoms and causes of these heart diseases are the most common in the general population. But it should be said that the origin of some violations cannot be determined. This is especially true for those that occur with inflammation of the heart muscle and valve apparatus. Regarding the symptomatology: it may not be present at the onset of the disease, or the patient does not always pay attention to the deterioration of health. This leads to the progression of the disease, difficulties in its treatment, a decrease in the quality of life and an increased risk of mortality.

Changes	Causes	Signs of heart disease
Inflammatory	viruses: enteroviruses, Coxsackie, influenza, chickenpox, viral hepatitis, measles, rubella, mononucleosis, adenoviruses, cytomegalovirus; bacteria: tuberculosis, syphilis, streptococcus; non-infectious: systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, rheumatism, sarcoidosis, rejection of the transplanted heart; toxic effects of chemicals and drugs; the development of an autoimmune process (Leffler's endocarditis).	palpitations; interruptions in the heart; dizziness; weakness; dyspnea; swelling; chest pain.
Ischemic (ischemic heart disease)	atherosclerotic process; spasm of the arteries of the heart; violation of microcirculation; thrombosis of the coronary arteries.	chest pain (burning, pressing, baking); spread of pain to the arm and scapula, neck, jaw; dyspnea; the appearance of the above symptoms during stress (physical and emotional); cardiopalmus.
Heart rhythm disorders	imbalance in the functioning of the autonomic nervous system; stress (physical, emotional); taking tea, coffee, alcohol; cardiosclerosis; enlargement of the heart; organic heart damage; hypokalemia; the proarrhythmic effect of antiarrhythmics; taking cardiac glycosides.	palpitations; interruptions; feeling of sinking heart; dizziness; loss of consciousness; dyspnea.
Cardiomyopathies	viral infection; hereditary tendency; the effect of toxic substances; deficiency of various substances.	dyspnea; weakness; fatigue; fast heartbeat; swelling; heaviness in the right side; violation of the rhythm.
Disorders of the anatomical structure of the heart	genetic predisposition; viral infections; alcohol consumption; the influence of toxic substances.	with a minor defect, it may not have symptomatic manifestations; dyspnea; fatigue; frequent diseases of the bronchopulmonary system; rhythm disturbances; swelling.
Heart failure	myocardial infarction (the left ventricle suffers more often); cardiosclerosis; myocarditis; cardiomyopathy; heart defects; pericarditis; tumors of the heart; amyloidosis; arterial hypertension; fibroelastosis.	dyspnea; orthopedic; swelling; fast heartbeat; ascites.
Arterial hypertension	it is not always possible to find the cause (essential hypertension); kidney damage; endocrine diseases; atherosclerosis; congenital and acquired defects; erythremia; pregnancy; the influence of toxic factors.	headache; dizziness; nausea; noise in ears; palpitations; pain in the region of the heart. More often, symptoms occur with a hypertensive crisis.

What are the fatal and very serious heart diseases?

Among all heart disorders, there are those that threaten the health and life of a person more than others. How the disease will develop and form the prognosis for each individual patient depends on many factors:

age;
floor;
the severity and stage of the disease itself;
the presence of concomitant diseases;
quality and timeliness of treatment and medications;
the patient's lifestyle.

But still, the most dangerous, fatal diseases include:

Ischemic heart disease. Its progression leads to myocardial infarction, some forms of which are fatal, as they lead to life-threatening arrhythmias, rupture and cardiac arrest.
Congenital heart defects: with some anatomical changes, the organ is not able to cope with its function.
Cardiomyopathies - more often than other diseases lead to heart failure, which, in turn, leads to death.
Heart cancer.
Ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation - lead to cardiac arrest.
Complete atrioventricular block (causing bradycardia and cardiac arrest).
Aortic dissection and aneurysm.
Pulmonary embolism (PE).

It is important to remember that pericarditis, myocarditis, acquired heart defects, etc. can also be fatal if left untreated.

What symptoms speak of severe heart pathologies?

Signs that are observed in complex heart diseases:

Loss of consciousness.
Dyspnea.
Severe chest pain.
Blue hands, legs, lips, face.
Strong heartbeat.
High or low pressure.

It is very important to know the above symptoms in order to recognize and take the right action at the pre-medical stage in order to avoid a bad outcome.

Conclusions

Heart disease today is a rather urgent problem all over the world. Prevention is the only method to prevent death and disability.

It should be aimed at:

reducing stress;
normalization of sleep and nutrition;
increased physical activity;
rejection of bad habits;
an important aspect is working with a psychologist (since the psychological factor influences the occurrence of many diseases).

Correction of such factors can improve the early detection of the disease based on a thorough analysis of the data obtained during the diagnosis. As a result, a complex of therapeutic measures is formed, according to the data of clinical protocols, which will slow down the progression of pathology. If necessary, therapy is carried out in a cardiological hospital.