It is possible to determine the cause of the appearance of a pathological symptom by concomitant clinical manifestations.
The presence of fever and soreness at the site of localization of the rash often indicates the infectious nature of the origin of the disease.
Only a qualified specialist can accurately establish the causes of the appearance of erythematous spots on the mucous membrane of the ENT organs after a thorough examination of the patient.
Red rash - what is it?
A red rash in the throat is a clear sign of the development of pathological processes in the mucous membranes of the airways. As a rule, the formation of red dots on the walls of the pharynx rarely indicates the development of severe infectious diseases. The following exogenous and endogenous factors can provoke a rash:
- dry air;
- hypothermia;
- inhalation of volatile chemicals;
- vitamin deficiency;
- reduced reactivity of the body;
- allergic reactions;
- infectious diseases;
- endocrine disorders;
- malfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract;
- bad habits.
It is possible to determine the cause of the appearance of erythematous rashes by the location of the points, their number and concomitant clinical manifestations.
Most often, the causes of the appearance of a rash lie in the development of viral and bacterial infections. But in order to make sure that the suspicions are correct, it is advisable to seek help from a therapist or undergo a hardware examination by an otolaryngologist.
Viral diseases
What can provoke the formation of red spots in the oropharynx? Theoretically, any respiratory disease in which the infection is localized in the throat can become the cause of the pathological symptom. Viral diseases are extremely rarely limited to lesions of the laryngopharyngeal mucosa, so patients often complain of inflammation of the nasal mucosa and rhinitis.
Common conditions in adults that cause sore throat include:
| Disease | Typical manifestations |
|---|---|
| flu | high fever, chills, headaches, dry mouth, erythematous rashes on the walls of the throat, nasal breathing difficulties, muscle weakness |
| herpangina | febrile fever, vesicular rash in the oropharynx, abdominal pain, difficulty swallowing, hypersalivation, fibrous film on the throat mucosa |
| herpetic stomatitis | red throat, small-point rashes on the mucous membrane, burning and sore throat, aphthous formations in the mouth, swollen lymph nodes, painful swallowing |
| measles | high fever, hoarseness, large red patches on the soft and hard palate, reddening of the conjunctiva of the eyes, sneezing and photophobia |
| rubella | macular rash on the body, headaches, inflammation of the mucous throat, red dots on the palatine arches and the back of the pharynx, cervical adenopathy |
| Infectious mononucleosis | fever, throat inflammation, swollen lymph nodes, pain when swallowing, red rash in the oropharynx, weakness, migraine, high temperature |
| viral pharyngitis | perspiration in the larynx, dry cough, low-grade fever, shortness of breath, small vesicles on the palatine arches and the back of the throat |
It is possible to reliably determine the cause of the appearance of an erythematous rash only after passing a throat swab for virological and microbiological analysis.
If the mucous membrane of the laryngopharynx is strewn with white dots, it is most likely that yeast-like or mold fungi (sore throat) have become a provocateur of inflammatory processes in the ENT organs. Untimely treatment of diseases leads to the spread of infection and damage to the lower parts of the respiratory system, which is fraught with the development of bronchitis, laryngotracheitis, pneumonia, etc.
Bacterial diseases
Red rashes in the throat in an adult can be a consequence of the development of bacterial infections. As a rule, ENT diseases, provoked by the development of microbes, cause severe intoxication of the body. Therefore, an untimely visit to a doctor often becomes the cause of the appearance of local or even systemic complications.
In chronic inflammation of the laryngopharyngeal mucosa, the clinical manifestations of the disease are weak, but as a result of the poisoning of the body with bacterial metabolites, the development of pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis and cardiovascular failure is not excluded.
Erythematous points and small vesicles in the throat may indicate the development of such pathologies:
| Disease | Typical manifestations |
|---|---|
| angina | soreness when swallowing, hyperemia of the laryngopharyngeal mucosa, hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils, red rash in the throat, ulceration of the mucous membranes |
| scarlet fever | fever, malaise, pinpoint rash on the tongue and soft palate, granularity in the back of the throat, peeling of the skin |
| streptococcal pharyngitis | unproductive cough, sore throat, dryness of the laryngopharyngeal mucosa, enlarged submandibular lymph nodes, fever, erythematous points in the pharynx |
| sinusitis | nasal congestion, headaches, general weakness, sore throat, red dots in the laryngopharyngeal mucosa |
| phlegmonous laryngitis | high fever, enlargement of regional lymph nodes, red vesicles in the throat and larynx, symptoms of intoxication |
Important! Delayed treatment of bacterial infections leads to the development of abscess and hypoxia.
The active development of bacteria in the lesions leads to the formation of purulent masses in the vesicles on the mucous membranes of the laryngopharynx. Over time, vesicles filled with transparent exudate are replaced by abscesses. If inflammation is not stopped in time, this can lead to melting of soft tissues and the formation of abscesses.
Rare diseases
Red dots on the back of the throat can be a manifestation of rare but dangerous diseases. Timely passage of drug therapy can prevent the progression of the disease and the development of complications. Solid spots on the soft palate and throat in rare cases indicate the development of pathologies such as:
- Kaposi's sarcoma - hemorrhagic rashes on the mucous membranes of the ENT organs, provoked by the development of malignant tumors; with the development of pathology, the skin and lymph nodes are often affected;
- petechiae in the palate - an erythematous rash in the throat, which most often occurs against the background of the development of infectious mononucleosis;
- pyogenic granuloma - erythematous dome-shaped nodules that form in the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and on the skin; uniform red papules are prone to bleeding and opening, which causes pain and burning.
If a red spot in the throat is causing itching or burning, see a doctor. In 95% of cases, a rash signals the development of simple diseases that do not pose a threat to life. However, untimely treatment of a banal sore throat or pharyngitis can lead to the development of a periopharyngeal or paratonsillar abscess, leading to stenosis of the throat and suffocation.
Allergy
What is the reason for the throat to "pour out"? In the absence of hyperthermia and symptoms of intoxication, an erythematous rash in the throat may signal an allergic reaction.Exogenous and endogenous stimuli, such as:
- composite fillings;
- medications;
- toothpastes and rinses;
- Food;
- dentures and pins;
- polymer crowns.
Allergies can cause severe swelling of the laryngopharyngeal mucosa and difficulty breathing.
If the larynx is covered with small-dotted spots that do not cause discomfort, most likely the reason for their appearance lies in an allergic reaction. Animal hair, household chemicals and flowering plants are typical allergens that cause irritation of the mucous membrane and, accordingly, the formation of small red dots on the walls of the throat. Antihistamines of systemic and local action allow to stop manifestations of allergies. However, it is possible to completely eliminate the pathological reaction only if the provoking factor is eliminated, i.e. allergen.
Other reasons
Rashes in the throat, causing severe discomfort and pain, signal a change in the morphology of soft tissues in the places of localization of red dots. Erythematous spots, localized on the soft palate and tongue, in some cases arise as a result of the development of complex diseases:
- staphylococcal infection;
- exudative erythema;
- Kawasaki syndrome;
- syphilis;
- roseola;
- typhoid;
- meningitis.
Since the list of possible pathologies is quite extensive, when red dots appear in the hypopharynx, it is impossible to postpone a visit to a therapist. The principles of treatment depend on the etiological factors of the development of the disease, the localization of the rashes and the accompanying clinical manifestations. As a rule, antibacterial and antiviral drugs are used to eliminate infectious ENT diseases. Antipyretics, analgesics and antihistamines can help you feel better and eliminate discomfort.
