Inhalation with a nebulizer for a sore throat can quickly relieve discomfort and affect the very cause of the pain symptom. The most important advantage of this method of administering medicinal compounds is the accuracy of their delivery. When inhaled, the drug goes directly to the site of action - into the respiratory tract. And the use of nebulizers increases safety during inhalation, saves pharmacological agents and helps to comply with the recommended dosage.
Choosing a drug for inhalation
Before determining which drug compound needs to be administered to the patient, you need to understand what triggered the sore throat. The most common cause of this symptom is mucosal inflammation. It is caused most often by an infectious lesion. Here, the treatment will be based on inhalation of antibiotics.
Another common cause of soreness in the throat is overstrain. Such a violation is typical for representatives of certain professions: teachers, orators, singers, etc. That is, for those whose occupation is associated with the intensive use of the voice. Here inhalations with a nebulizer are performed with agents that soften irritation.
In severe cases of infection, it is necessary to donate sputum for culture for antibiotic sensitivity. Based on the results of this study, the drug is prescribed that is most effective for a particular patient.
Often, a sore throat is caused by mechanical, chemical, or physical damage. For example, such a symptom occurs when the mucous membrane is burned with too hot substances, or when aggressive chemical compounds are exposed to it. In such situations, drugs for inhalation administration are selected by a doctor in accordance with a specific clinical case.
Finally, sore throat is sometimes a manifestation of allergic or systemic pathologies of an autoimmune nature. Here, nebulizer inhalations with antihistamines and anti-inflammatory steroid drugs will be especially effective.
Antibiotics
Since the cause of sore throat is most often an infection, it is logical to place antibiotics in the first place in terms of the effectiveness of use. These drugs do not relieve pain directly, but they act on the factor that leads to the appearance of pain. When the infection is healed, the inflammatory processes subside, which means that the pain also disappears.
In most cases, the infectious agent is pathogenic bacteria - staphylococci and / or streptococci. Antibiotics directly inhibit the growth and development of these microorganisms. In addition, infectious inflammation also occurs in viral pathologies: ARVI, influenza, etc. In such a situation, antibiotics are prescribed to prevent the development of a secondary bacterial infection.
By inhalation using a nebulizer, drugs are administered such as:
- gentamicin;
- miramistin;
- fluimucil-antibiotic IT.
Antiseptics
These medicinal compounds are also capable of destroying pathogenic microorganisms, but due to their origin and nonspecific effects, they do not formally belong to the group of antibiotics. Nebulizer inhalation is carried out with the following antiseptics:
- eucalyptus leaf extract solution marketed under the name Chlorophyllipt;
- an alcohol solution of medicinal calendula;
- Tonsilgon N, which is a collection of herbal remedies, which includes marshmallow root, horsetail, yarrow, oak bark, chamomile and walnut;
- solutions of such well-known disinfectants as furacilin and dioxidin.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
These drugs suppress the inflammatory response in irritated mucous membranes. Nonsteroidal substances are inhaled for any cause of sore throat. Some of the more common options for this type of medication include:
- Acelizin is a pharmacological preparation based on acetylsalicylic acid and specially designed for inhalations using nebulizers.
- Phytopreparations with anti-inflammatory
effect, a striking representative of which is, for example, a decoction of eucalyptus leaves. - Propolis is a natural preparation based on bee products. By itself, propolis is a solid, therefore, to create an inhalation liquid, it is necessary to dissolve it in twenty times the volume of warm water.
- Malavit is a mixture of herbal ingredients with anti-inflammatory effect. For inhalation through a nebulizer, dissolve 1 ml of Malavit in 30 ml of water.
effect, a striking representative of which is, for example, a decoction of eucalyptus leaves.Antihistamines
This class of pharmacological drugs is intended to combat the manifestations of individual intolerance to certain substances. Similar allergic reactions, occurring in the respiratory system, can cause inflammation and swelling in the throat mucosa. And this, in turn, leads to painful sensations when swallowing and sometimes even breathing. In order to quickly reduce the severity of edematous phenomena and alleviate the patient's condition, nebulizer inhalations are recommended with:
- Cromohexal:
- Intalom;
- Ditecom.
Inhalation with antihistamines only suppresses symptoms, but does not relieve allergies. To do this, it is imperative to protect the patient from contact with the substance that caused such a reaction.
Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Such medicinal compounds are produced on the basis of the hormones of the human body. Their use requires a rather serious reason - for a sore throat caused, for example, by colds or a common sore throat, glucocorticosteroids (GCS) are not prescribed. The action of this class of drugs is excessive for suppressing inflammatory processes in such situations. But with serious systemic pathologies of an autoimmune nature or with severe allergic disorders, it is sometimes possible to relieve inflammation and pain syndrome only when using GCS.
The most common glucocorticoid used by inhalation in nebulizers is Pulmicort, in which budesonide is the active compound. The maximum dosage of this drug for inhalation is 1 mg per 1 injection. Another hormonal agent called dexamethasone is also used, the standard dose of which is twice as much per inhalation - 2 mg. When filling the nebulizer chamber, which usually requires at least 5 ml of liquid, the specified amount of the pharmacological substance is supplemented to the required volume with saline.
Emollients and sedatives
The use of such solutions for inhalation refers to symptomatic treatment. Softening the mucous membranes, relieving their irritation and supplying a sufficient amount of moisture can significantly reduce the severity of pain. But at the same time, the reason that caused the appearance of pain does not disappear - for the final disposal of the disease, the use of those drugs that are described above will be required. The following compounds are used in nebulizers:
- saline solution, which is best purchased ready-made in the pharmacy chain;
- slightly alkaline mineral waters that do not contain carbon dioxide;
- a solution of baking soda, kitchen (or sea) salt and iodine in warm water;
- essential and aromatic oils.
Phytopreparations
Inhalation administration of solutions of medicinal plants is one of the most popular ways to relieve sore throat. This is explained by the fact that medicinal herbs often have a complex effect on the affected mucous membranes, including effects such as:
- anti-inflammatory;
- antibacterial and antiviral;
- cleansing and softening;
- immunostimulating;
- moisturizing;
- regenerative.
Medicinal herbal preparations can be made independently or purchased in a ready-made form for inhalation in pharmacies. In the case of home-made solution, infusion and boiling are used. The standard dosage is 1 large spoonful of dried and crushed phytopreparation per 200 ml of water.
When preparing the infusion, the medicinal herb must be placed in the specified volume of boiling water, and then covered and left to cool on its own. This will maximize the extraction of all useful compounds from the phytopreparation. Making a decoction assumes that a medicinal plant (or a mixture of them) is poured with ordinary water and the resulting liquid is placed in a water bath, where it is boiled for 10-15 minutes, and then cooled. For any type of preparation, the solution must be thoroughly filtered through several gauze layers before filling into the nebulizer. So you will remove all solid particles remaining there from the liquid, which will protect the internal structure of the device from damage.
For inhalation administration for sore throat, infusions and decoctions of medicinal plants such as:
- St. John's wort perforatum;
- pharmacy chamomile;
- oregano;
- linden flowers;
- oak bark;
- burnet;
- yarrow noble;
- coltsfoot;
- gourd (silver cinquefoil);
- sage;
- large plantain;
- field horsetail;
- eucalyptus and raspberry leaves.
It is convenient to carry out nebulizer inhalations for the throat with ready-made pharmaceutical phytopreparations. An example of such a remedy is Rotokan, which is a mixture of chamomile, yarrow and calendula extracts.
